Facts and trend of Climate Change - with reference to Geological time frame

Abstract

The Earth is a dynamic planet, constantly undergoing change, driven by internal and external forces. The Paleoclimatic
studies have confirmed that climatic change is a natural process in Earths history with a variation in atmospheric Carbon
dioxide (CO2) concentration. It is also observed that the Earth’s average temperature was much higher in the past than
the present average temperature. In the Late Ordovician Period (450 Ma) which was a cold phase at that time the
CO2 concentration was nearly 12 times higher than today i.e. 4400 ppm. Only the Carboniferous Period (350 Ma) had
witnessed the concentration of CO2 levels less than 400 ppm in the last 600 million years of Earth history.
The studies had shown that last 4500 years, there were 75 major temperature swings. There was sudden cooling started in
the year 2200 BC and due to Volcanic eruptions at Italy, Pacific, Columbia, Alaska and Iceland, again increased the global
temperature. The year 1100 BC was much warmer then present time. The year between 1350-1800 AD was marked with
Litter Ice age after that temperature increased again. Thus in the present study we synthesis and analysed the causes of
climatic change in the past, change in atmospheric CO2 concentrations in the present time and its trends leading towards
the change in climate of planet Earth.